Leaves

• 6 to 12 cm long
• tip taper-pointed
• base usually heart-shaped
• double-toothed
• upper surface dull green, with numerous tiny resin dots
• veins 7-9 per side

Fruit

• mature seed catkins 3.5-5 cm long with nutlets 2-3 mm long

Bark

• white or bronze-white
• separates into several thin layers
• copper-colored on the inner surface
• peels freely, giving trunk a ragged look

General

• a common birch found within the range of white birch and is used in great quantities for fuelwood, and in manufacturing of plywood and flooring
• up to 25m in height and 70 cm in diameter