Overview
The Kindergarten to Level III Mathematics curriculum provides opportunities for learners to encounter mathematical experiences that proceed from the simple to the complex and from the concrete to the abstract. Students learn to construct their own meaning of mathematics. The main goals of mathematics education are to prepare students to:
- use mathematics confidently to solve problems
- communicate and reason mathematically
- appreciate and value mathematics
- make connections between mathematics and its applications
- commit themselves to lifelong learning
- become mathematically literate adults, using mathematics to contribute to society
The following processes permeate the mathematics curriculum from Kindergarten to Level III:
- Communication
- Connections
- Mental Mathematics and Estimation
- Problem Solving
- Reasoning
- Technology
- Visualization
The curriculum outcomes in the Kindergarten to Grade 9 Mathematics program are organized into four strands and eight general curriculum outcomes:
Number
- Develop number sense
Patterns and Relations
- Use patterns to describe the world and to solve problems
- Represent algebraic expressions in multiple ways
Shape and Space
- Use direct and indirect measurement to solve problems
- Describe the characteristics of 3-D objects and 2-D shapes, and analyze the relationships among them
- Describe and analyze position and motion of objects and shapes
Statistics and Probability
- Collect, display and analyze data to solve problems
- Use experimental or theoretical probabilities to represent and solve problems involving uncertainty
The curriculum outcomes in the Level I to Level III Mathematics program are organized into thirteen topics and fifteen general curriculum outcomes:
Algebra
- Develop algebraic reasoning and number sense
Calculus
- Develop introductory calculus reasoning
Financial Mathematics
- Develop number sense in financial applications
Geometry
- Develop spatial sense
Logical Reasoning
- Develop logical reasoning
Mathematics Research Project
- Develop an appreciation of the role of mathematics in society
Measurement
- Develop spatial sense through direct and indirect measurement
Number
- Develop number sense and critical thinking skills
Permutations, Combinations and Binomial Theorem
- Develop algebraic and numeric reasoning that involves combinatorics
Probability
- Develop critical thinking skills related to uncertainty
Relations and Functions
- Develop algebraic and graphical reasoning through the study of relations
Statistics and Probability
- Develop statistical reasoning
- Collect, display and analyze data to solve problems
- Use experimental or theoretical probabilities to represent and solve problems involving uncertainty
Trigonometry
- Develop trigonometric reasoning
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Foundation for the Atlantic Canada Mathematics Curriculum
Primary / primaire
The primary mathematics program is designed to help students mature mentally in the context of meaningful learning experiences. It promotes active exploration of a variety of mathematical ideas that contribute to the development of number and spatial sense. Engaging in such activities fosters enjoyment and curiosity about mathematics in students. In Kindergarten and Grade 1, the curriculum is organized into three strands: number, patterns and relations, and shape and space. Work in subsequent years includes a fourth strand: statistics and probability.
Kindergarten / Maternelle
Topics include:
- Exploring Numbers to 10
- Exploring Patterns
- Exploring Geometry and Measurement
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Grade 1 / 1re année
Topics include:
- Patterning
- Representing Numbers to 20
- Geometry
- Addition and Subtraction to 12
- Numbers to 100
- Addition and Subtraction to 20
- Measurement
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Grade 2 / 2e année
Topics include:
- Numbers to 100
- Patterning
- Data Analysis
- Addition and Subtraction to 18
- Addition and Subtraction to 100
- Measurement
- Geometry
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Grade 3 / 3e année
Topics include:
- Data Analysis
- Numbers to 1000
- Patterning
- Geometry
- Addition and Subtraction
- Multiplication and Division
- Fractions
- Measurement
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Elementary / élémentaire
The elementary mathematics program is designed to provide students with opportunities for meaningful learning experiences that retain enjoyment and curiosity about mathematics. It continues to promote active exploration of a variety of mathematical ideas. The curriculum is organized into four strands: number, patterns and relations, shape and space, and statistics and probability.
Grade 4 / 4e année
Topics include:
- Numeration
- Addition and Subtraction
- Patterns
- Data Relationships
- 2-D Geometry
- Multiplication and Division Facts
- Fractions and Decimals
- Measurement
- Multiplying Multi-Digit Numbers
- Dividing Multi-Digit Numbers
- 3-D Geometry
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Grade 5 / 5e année
Topics include:
- Numeration
- Adding and Subtracting Decimals
- Data Relationships
- Motion Geometry
- Multiplication
- Patterns
- Fractions
- Measurement
- Division
- Probability
- 2-D and 3-D Geometry
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Grade 6 / 6e année
Topics include:
- Numeration
- Number Relationships
- Patterns
- Data Relationships
- Motion Geometry
- Ratio and Percent
- Fractions
- Multiplication and Division of Decimals
- Measurement
- 2-D Geometry
- Probability
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Intermediate / intermédiare
The intermediate mathematics program is designed to provide a balance among mental mathematics and estimation, paper and pencil exercises, and the use of technology. It introduces concepts using manipulatives and develops them from the concrete to pictorial to symbolic. The program underscores the importance of mathematical fluency by integrating problem solving, reasoning, and making connections. The curriculum is organized into four strands: number, patterns and relations, shape and space, and statistics and probability.
Grade 7 / 7e année
Topics include:
- Patterns and Relations
- Integers
- Fractions, Decimals and Percents
- Circles and Area
- Operations With Fractions
- Equations
- Data Analysis
- Geometry
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Grade 8 / 8e année
Topics include:
- Square Roots and the Pythagorean Theorem
- Integers
- Operations With Fractions
- Measuring Prisms and Cylinders
- Percent, Ratio, and Rate
- Linear Equations and Graphing
- Data Analysis and Probability
- Geometry
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Grade 9 / 9e année
Topics include:
- Square Roots and Surface Area
- Powers and Exponent Laws
- Rational Numbers
- Linear Relations
- Polynomials
- Linear Equations and Inequalities
- Similarity and Transformations
- Circle Geometry
- Probability and Statistics
Related Documents
- Curriculum Guide (2014)
- Resource List (2015)
- Programme d’études (2017)
- Liste de ressources (2017)
High School
The high school mathematics program prepares students to make connections between mathematics and its applications and to become numerate adults, using mathematics to contribute to society.
The Applied Mathematics courses 1202, 2202 and 3202 are designed to provide students with the mathematical understandings and critical-thinking skills identified for entry into the majority of trades and for direct entry into the workforce.
Mathematics 1201 is intended for students who plan to undertake academic or advanced mathematics in Level II. It addresses the needs of the majority of students coming from the Intermediate Mathematics program.
The Advanced Mathematics courses 2200, 3200 and 3208 are designed to provide students with the mathematical understandings and critical thinking skills identified for entry into post-secondary programs that require the study of calculus.
The Academic Mathematics courses 2201 and 3201 are designed to provide students with the mathematical understandings and critical thinking skills identified for entry into post-secondary programs that do not require the study of calculus.
Mathematics 1201
Topics include:
- Measurement
- Trigonometry
- Roots and Powers
- Factors and Products
- Relations and Functions
- Linear Functions
- Systems of Linear Equations
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Mathematics 1202
Topics include:
- Consumerism and Travel
- Measuring Length
- Measuring Area
- Getting Paid For Your Work
- All About Angles
- Pythagorean Relation
- Trigonometry
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Mathematics 2200
Topics include:
- Sequences and Series
- Trigonometry
- Quadratic Functions
- Quadratic Equations
- Radical Expressions and Equations
- Rational Expressions and Equations
- Absolute Value and Reciprocal Functions
- Systems of Equations
- Linear and Quadratic Inequalities
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Prerequisite: Mathematics 1201
Mathematics 2201
Topics include:
- Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
- Mathematics Inquiry
- Properties of Angles and Triangles
- Acute Triangle Trigonometry
- Radicals
- Statistical Reasoning
- Quadratic Functions
- Quadratic Equations
- Proportional Reasoning
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Prerequisite: Mathematics 1201
Mathematics 2202
Topics include:
- Surface Area
- Drawing and Design
- Volume and Capacity
- Interpreting Graphs
- Banking and Budgeting
- Slope
- Right Triangles and Trigonometry
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Prerequisite: Mathematics 1202 or Mathematics 1201
Mathematics 3200
Topics include:
- Polynomial Functions
- Function Transformations
- Radical Functions
- Trigonometry and the Unit Circle
- Trigonometric Functions and Graphs
- Trigonometric Identities
- Exponential Functions
- Logarithmic Functions
- Permutations, Combinations, and the Binomial Theorem
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Prerequisite: Mathematics 2200
Mathematics 3201
Topics include:
- Set Theory
- Counting Methods
- Probability
- Rational Expressions and Equations
- Polynomial Functions
- Exponential Functions
- Logarithmic Functions
- Sinusoidal Functions
- Financial Mathematics: Borrowing Money
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Prerequisite: Mathematics 2201 or Mathematics 2200
Mathematics 3202
Topics include:
- Measurement and Probability
- Working With Data
- Linear Relationships
- Financial Decisions
- Properties of Figures
- Transformations
- Trigonometry
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Prerequisite: Mathematics 1202 or Mathematics 1201
Mathematics 3208
Topics include:
- Pre-Calculus
- Limits and Continuity
- Rational Functions
- Derivative
- Applications of Derivatives
- Calculus of Trigonometry
- Calculus of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
- Antidifferentiation and Integration
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Prerequisite: Mathematics 2200
Note: may be taken concurrently with Mathematics 3200